IO - Instituto de Oceanografia
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://rihomolog.furg.br/handle/1/361
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Resultados da Pesquisa
- ItemThe contribution of diatoms to bioflocs lipid content and the performance of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) in a BFT culture system(Wiley Online Library, 2014) Machado, Tatiana Germano Martins; Odebrecht, Clarisse; Vaz, Luciano Jensen; D'Oca, Marcelo Gonçalves Montes; Wasielesky Junior, Wilson Francisco BrittoThis study aimed to evaluate the contribution ofthree diatom species on the lipid content of bio-flocs, their permanence on the bioflocs and influ-ence on the growth performance of juvenileshrimps. Juveniles of Litopenaeus vannamei werereared (30 days; three replicates per treatment)in biofloc systems inoculated with diatomsAmphora coffeaeformis (A), Cylindrotheca closterium(C), Conticribra weissflogii (W), or biofloc only(BF, chlorophycean rich). Water quality parame-ters were monitored daily and the microbiota ondays 1, 10, 20 and 30. The lipid content andfatty acid profiles of bioflocs were analyzed at theend of the experiment. Shrimp survival rate(99%) at treatment A was significantly higherthan at BF. The bioflocs in A treatment pre-sented the highest lipid content, differing signifi-cantly from BF and W. The content of EPA(20:5) (n-3) was significantly higher in A andlower in BF, while linoleic acid (18:2) (n-6) wassignificantly higher in BF. The results indicatethat high cell density of diatoms can be success-fully maintained with silicate addition in bioflocsystems and that the pennate A. coffeaeformis andthe centric C. weissflogii are potentially better sui-ted than the pennate C. closterium as food sup-plements for shrimp diets in biofloc nurseriessystem.
- ItemEffect of diatom supplementation during the nursery rearing of Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) in a heterotrophic culture system(2012) Godoy, Leandro Cesar de; Odebrecht, Clarisse; Ballester, Eduardo Luis Cupertino; Martins, Tatiana Germano; Wasielesky Junior, Wilson Francisco BrittoBio-floc shrimp culture systems have been investigated in an attempt to optimize water use and prevent the discharge of effluent into the environment. The importance of microalgae in maintaining water quality and nutrition of the shrimp is well known in conventional systems; however, its maintenance amid bio-flocs and its role in the shrimp performance in this system are still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of diatoms in the performance of Litopenaeus vannamei reared during the nursery phase in intensive system with minimal water exchange. Shrimp (0.31 ± 0.10 g) were reared among diatoms, bio-flocs and the combination of the two forming the mixture medium. The survival of shrimp was high in all treatments (90–97%). However, the shrimp reared among diatoms showed higher weight gain (P\0.05) and feed conversion ratio significantly more efficient, reaching a value of 0.47. The results indicate the importance of diatoms in bio-floc culture systems and points out to future research in an attempt to maintain a constant presence of these microalgae in culture medium without requiring successive inoculations.
- ItemEfeito das altas densidades de estocagem no crescimento e sobrevivência de litopenaeus vannamei na fase final de engorda, em sistemas de bioflocos (bft)(2013) Silva, Adriana Ferreira da; Lara, Gabriele Rodrigues de; Ballester, Eduardo Luis Cupertino; Krummenauer, Dariano; Abreu, Paulo Cesar Oliveira Vergne de; Wasielesky Junior, Wilson Francisco BrittoO objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de altas densidades de estocagem na sobrevivência, crescimento e na taxa de conversão alimentar de camarões Litopenaeus vannamei, na fase final de engorda em sistema de Biofloc Technology (BFT), mantendo os mesmos parâmetros de água para todos os tratamentos. Os camarões (11,96 ± 1,14g) foram estocados em microcosmos (tanques de 0,50 m2 ), conectados a um raceway de cultivo BFT. O experimento teve duração de 45 dias. Os camarões foram estocados nas densidades de 150, 300, 450 e 600 camarões/m2 . Bioflocos foram coletados para análise de composição proximal. Os resultados foram submetidos à ANOVA uma via e as diferenças foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (α = 0.05). No T300 e T450, o crescimento e sobrevivência dos camarões não foram afetados pelas altas densidades. A maior biomassa alcançada (T450) foi de 5,1 kg/m2 e a melhor conversão alimentar foi de 1,54 no T150. Os resultados deste estudo indicam que as densidades de estocagem no sistema proposto podem ser elevadas, mas não superiores a 450 camarões/m2 . Observou-se ainda que mesmo se a qualidade de água for mantida igual para todos os tratamentos, há efeito negativo entre densidade e crescimento dos camarões, confirmando que esse efeito é comportamental.
- ItemBiofilm feeding by postlarvae of the pink shrimp (decapoda, penaidae)(2013) Viau, Verónica Elizabeth; Souza, Diego Moreira de; Rodríguez, Enrique; Wasielesky Junior, Wilson Francisco Britto; Abreu, Paulo Cesar Oliveira Vergne de; Ballester, Eduardo Luis CupertinoThe effect of biofilm was assayed for Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis postlarvae fed with commercial pellets. Indoor tanks in a zero water exchange system were used, considering: shrimp fed with biofilm and commercial feed (B+F), and shrimp fed only with commercial feed (F); both receiving polyethylene sheets as artificial substrates. For B+F, sheets were placed 15 days before the trial into a heterotrophic medium (containing diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii, commercial feed, molasses and wheat bran in a 20 C:1 N ratio) to promote biofilm development. For F, clean sheets were used and daily replaced to avoid biofilm formation. Biofilm chlorophyll a concentration, micro-organisms density and water quality were determined weekly. Also, a stomach content analysis was made. An increase in chlorophyll a concentration was observed in biofilm during the experiment, characterized mainly by pennate diatoms, filamentous cyanobacteria, flagellates, ciliates, nematodes and rotifers. Most of these items were found in the stomach of shrimp; however, no significant differences in growth were detected between treatments. Survival was significantly higher and nitrite concentrations were significantly lower when biofilm was present. The results indicate that the use of biofilm could be considered a good tool during F. brasiliensis nursery phase, mainly by improving survival through the maintenance of water quality.
- ItemDextrose as carbon source in the culture of litopenaeus vannamei (boone, 1931) in a zero exchange system(2015) Suita, Sabrina Medeiros; Ballester, Eduardo Luis Cupertino; Abreu, Paulo Cesar Oliveira Vergne de; Wasielesky Junior, Wilson Francisco BrittoThis work compared the use of dextrose and molasses as carbon sources for biofloc development, water quality maintenance, microorganism composition and growth performance of Litopenaeus vannamei juveniles in biofloc technology (BFT). Two treatments, dextrose and molasses, were tested with four replicates each. Carbon was added to achieve a C:N-AT (N-(NH3+NH4+)) ratio of 6:1. Physical and chemical water quality variables were monitored daily, and shrimp growth was estimated through periodic biometry. After 30 days, survival, final biomass, and feeding conversion rate (FCR) were determined. Dissolved organic carbon, chlorophyll-a, floc volume, total ammonia, nitrite, nitrate and phosphate concentrations, and microorganisms (qualified by groups), were measured every three days. Water quality variables remained within acceptable levels throughout the experimental period, except for nitrite, which reached higher levels than recommended for this species. The use of dextrose resulted in higher water transparency, which influenced the remaining centric diatoms. A superior shrimp performance was observed at this treatment, presumably because of variations on the microbial community. Therefore, it is concluded that the addition of dextrose results in a superior growth performance of L. vannamei when cultured in BFT systems.
- ItemAvaliação da formação de bioflocos na criação de juvenis de tainha mugil cf. hospes sem renovação de água(2012) Rocha, Andréa Ferretto da; Abreu, Paulo Cesar Oliveira Vergne de; Wasielesky Junior, Wilson Francisco Britto; Tesser, Marcelo BorgesUm dos maiores problemas enfrentados na aquicultura é a deterioração da qualidade da água das criações e dos ambientes receptores. Para minimizar esse problema em criações de peixes e camarões com limitada renovação de água, o uso de bioflocos pode contribuir tanto para a melhoria da qualidade da água como para a alimentação dos animais. Para verificar a possibilidade de manter bioflocos na criação de juvenis de Mugil cf. hospes (4,55 ± 0,15 g), foi realizado um experimento com três tratamentos: tainhas com inoculo de bioflocos (T), tainhas com bioflocos provenientes da criação de camarões Litopenaeus vannamei (TFC) e sem animais (SEM). O experimento teve delineamento casualizado, com três repetições e os resultados foram submetidos à análise de Kruskal-Wallis (α=0,05). Todos os tratamentos receberam ração comercial (44% PB). A concentração final de sólidos suspensos totais não diferiu (P>0,05) entre os tratamentos TFC (785,33 ± 269,05 mg L-1), T (310,67 ± 126,0 mg L-1) e SEM (298,67 ± 30,28 mg L-1), enquanto que o volume final de bioflocos de TFC (76,66 ± 5,77 mL L- 1) foi maior (P<0,05) do que SEM (3,1 ± 2,48 mL L-1) e T (18,66 ± 5,50 mL L-1) foi similar a todos os tratamentos. Estes resultados demonstram que foi possível manter os bioflocos na criação de juvenis de tainhas Mugil cf. hospes, tornando possível sua criação neste tipo de sistema.
- ItemPolyculture of Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp and Mugil platanus mullet in earthen ponds(2013) Costa, Léa Carolina de Oliveira; Xavier, João Antônio Amaral; Neves, Luis Fernando de Matos; Azambuja, Ana Maria Volkmer de; Wasielesky Junior, Wilson Francisco Britto; Figueiredo, Mario Roberto ChimThe objective of the present study was to evaluate the growth performance of the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and the mullet Mugil platanus in earthen ponds (200 m²) located in the Laboratory of Continental Aquaculture of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), in both polyculture and monoculture systems. The study consisted of three replicates, as follows: shrimp monoculture (SM), shrimp and mullet polyculture (PO) and mullet monoculture (MM). The stocking density was 10 post-larvae shrimp (PL) m−2 and 0.67 mullet m−2. Fish and shrimp were fed commercial shrimp meal (38% crude protein) once a day. Initially, the amount of feed to shrimp was 20% of their total biomass which was later reduced to 5%. Mullets were fed at 5% of their stocked biomass. The experiment lasted 79 days during the summer of 2007/2008. At harvest, shrimp in monoculture had weight gain (15.59 g), specific growth rate (8.40% day−1), apparent feed conversion (0.88), survival (91%) and production (1.454 kg ha−1) significantly higher than in polyculture (1.039 kg ha−1). Mullets in polyculture had significantly better weight gain (42.72 g) and specific growth rate (3.99 % day−1) than those in monoculture (31.04 g and 3.69% day−1, respectively), while the mullet condition factor was significantly smaller in polyculture (1.06) than in monoculture (1.13). The apparent feed conversion of the mullets did not present significant differences between monoculture (2.50) and polyculture (2.40). The physical and chemical water parameters were not significantly different in any of the experiments, except for the transparency, which was higher in earthen ponds with mullet monoculture. Polyculture of shrimp and mullet reared together in earthen ponds negatively affects the shrimp production and favors the production of mullets.
- ItemThe effect of stocking density on the transport of pink shrimp farfantepenaeus brasiliensis (crustacea: decapoda), as live bait for sport fishing in Brazil(2014) Jensen, Luciano; Furtado, Plínio Schmidt; Fugimura, Michelle; Garcia, Luciano de Oliveira; Poersch, Luís Henrique da Silva; Veroni, José Roberto; Wasielesky Junior, Wilson Francisco BrittoThe capture of juvenile shrimp as live bait for sport fishing has intensified, as has the trade of shrimp in different locations. The transport of shrimp to regions, other than those in which they are captured, is often poorly performed due to the lack of information regarding effective transport, resulting in high mortality of the transported animals. The aim of this study was to determine the optimum stocking density for the transport of juvenile Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis (weight: 5.53 ± 1.20 g) and to evaluate the effect of the addition of hydrated lime in the transport water. Four stocking densities were tested for transport (1, 2, 3 and 4 ind L-1). Following the analysis of the results obtained in the density experiment, the addition of hydrated lime (0.15 g L-1) in the transport water was also tested. Water quality and the final survival were negatively correlated with increasing stocking density. The results of this study demonstrated that the highest density that can be used to avoid mortality is 3 ind L-1 for a maximum period of 10 h. The use of hydrated lime in the transport water attenuated the observed effects on water quality parameters.
- ItemCompostos nitrogenados sobre o consumo alimentar de camarão-rosa Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis(2013) Campos, Bruno Ribeiro de; Furtado, Plínio Schmidt; D'Incao, Fernando; Wasielesky Junior, Wilson Francisco Britto; Poersch, Luís Henrique da SilvaOs experimentos foram realizados para investigar os efeitos da amônia, nitrito e nitrato no consumo alimentar de juvenis de Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis. Os camarões com peso médio de 4g foram aclimatados durante 28 dias em diferentes concentrações crônicas de amônia, nitrito e nitrato. Após o período de exposição de 28 dias, 20 camarões por tratamento foram individualizados em unidades experimentais de 3 L, a fim de ser analisado o consumo de ração em função da quantidade de alimento oferecido e as sobras durante um período de 24 horas. O consumo alimentar apresentou alterações significativas (P<0,05) para os camarões expostos às concentrações de nitrito e nitrato testadas, enquanto para o tratamento com amônia, os camarões não apresentaram alterações no consumo alimentar (P>0,05). Foi verificado que o nitrito e o nitrato afetam o consumo alimentar de F. brasiliensis. Contudo, a possibilidade de que isso ocorra durante longos períodos, afetando negativamente o cultivo de espécies em cativeiro, reforçam a necessidade do manejo da qualidade de água
- ItemComposition and abundance of invertebrate benthic fauna in Farfantepenaeus paulensis culture pens (Patos Lagoon estuary, southern Brazil)(2004) Soares, Roberta Borda; Peixoto, Silvio Ricardo Maurano; Bemvenuti, Carlos Emílio; Wasielesky Junior, Wilson Francisco Britto; D'Incao, Fernando; Murcia, Nícolas Pereira; Suita, SabrinaAnnual Farfantepenaeus paulensis landings in Patos Lagoon are highly variable, and pen culture in shallow estuarine areas has been developed as an alternative for artisanal fishermen. However, there is a concern about the impact of this system in the natural environment. This study was conducted to evaluate macrobenthos occurrence and variation in relation to rearing cycle and production characteristics of pen culture in Patos Lagoon estuary. Macrobenthic invertebrates, organic matter and mud content were sampled inside and outside pens (control). Six major groups (Polychaeta, Tanaidacea, Isopoda, Gastropoda, Amphipoda and Bivalvia) were observed and 11 species were identified. After 21 days of culture, benthos abundance inside pens dropped by around 86%, but no differences between the stocking densities were detected. Benthic species showed different responses to the shrimp culture, and the impact (predation and/or disturbance) on abundance of the macrobenthic invertebrate community was noted. Mud and organic matter content did not differ across sampled areas during culture period. Shrimp attained higher average weight in lowest stocking density. Although the impact of the pen culture is apparently limited to the fenced area and restricted to a short period (3–4 months), the expansion of this method of culture in the shallow waters areas of the Patos Lagoon must be monitored to ensure that greater than expected impacts do not occur