FAMED – Faculdade de Medicina
URI permanente desta comunidadehttps://rihomolog.furg.br/handle/1/2422
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8 resultados
Resultados da Pesquisa
- ItemThe BACTEC MGIT™ 320 system as a laboratory tool to diagnose tuberculosis in a Brazilian hospital with a high prevalence of HIV infection(2016) Brum, Clarice Brinck; Soares, Daniela Fernandes Ramos; Abilleira, Fernanda de Souza; Silva, Ana Bárbara Scholante; Groll, Andrea Von; Silva, Pedro Eduardo Almeida daIntroduction: The World Health Organization endorses the BACTEC Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT)™ system as a rapid, sensitive, and specifi c method to diagnostic of tuberculosis. Here, we compared the performance of this system against Ogawa-Kudoh cultures and microscopy. Methods: A total of 927 samples were obtained between December 2011 and December 2013 from 652 cases of suspected tuberculosis at the School Hospital of the Federal University of Rio Grande in Brazil. Results: The MGIT system confi rmed tuberculosis in more cases in less time. Conclusions: The MGIT system is an effective tool for early diagnosis of tuberculosis, especially in patients with HIV/AIDS.
- ItemDiagnosis of bovine tuberculosis: review of main techniques(2015) Fernandes, Ramos, Daniela; Silva, Pedro Eduardo Almeida da; Dellagostin, Odir AntonioBovine tuberculosis (BTB) remains an important economic and zoonotic problem in Latin America. Traditionally, the fight against BTB is initiated by the implementation of routine diagnostic tests for certification of free properties. The diagnosis of BTB can be made by direct and indirect methods, in which we can mention clinical, post mortem, histopathological, immunological, bacteriological and molecular methods. The renewal of scientific interest in tuberculosis in recent year has led to develop and improve methods of diagnosis, prevention, control and eradication of BTB. The aim of this review is to present and discuss different diagnosis methods of BTB.
- ItemMolecular typing of Mycobacterium bovis isolates: A review(2014) Soares, Daniela Fernandes Ramos; Tavares, Lucas; Silva, Pedro Eduardo Almeida da; Dellagostin, Odir AntonioMycobacterium bovis is the main causative agent of animal tuberculosis (TB) and it may cause TB in humans. Molecular typing of M. bovis isolates provides precise epidemiological data on issues of inter- or intra-herd transmission and wildlife reservoirs. Techniques used for typing M. bovis have evolved over the last 2 decades, and PCR-based methods such as spoligotyping and mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) have been extensively used. These techniques can provide epidemiological information about isolates of M. Bovis that may help control bovine TB by indicating possible links between diseased animals, detecting and sampling outbreaks, and even demonstrating cases of laboratory cross-contamination between samples. This review will focus on techniques used for the molecular typing of M. bovis and discuss their general aspects and applications.
- ItemPrevalence of tuberculosis in prisons: risk factors and molecular epidemiology(2015) Valença, Mariana Soares; Scaini, João Luis Rheingantz; Abilleira, Fernanda de Souza; Gonçalves, Carla Vitola; Groll, Andrea Von; Silva, Pedro Eduardo Almeida daSETTING: Tuberculosis (TB) in prisons is a challenge for the public health system. Active and passive case screening are important tools for TB case detection. OBJECTIVE: To characterise TB in a southern Brazil prison in terms of epidemiological variables, diagnostic approaches and clinical isolate genotypes. DESIGN: Inmates of a southern Brazilian prison were assessed using active and passive TB case screening. Sputum microscopy, culture, drug susceptibility testing and genotyping were performed. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: TB prevalence was 4712 per 100 000 inmates, and was associated with low educational level, time incarcerated, productive cough, previous TB history, smoking and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Overall, 27.8% of TB cases were detected by culture only; the prevalence of drug-resistant strains was 7.8%; 58.3% of clinical isolates had an identical genotypic profile. CONCLUSION: The study showed extensive circulation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in a highly endemic prison. It is recommended that priority be given to the evaluation of prison inmates with longer jail times, those who are HIV-positive, those with symptoms and those with a previous history of tuberculosis. We observed that active case finding induced passive case detection.
- ItemPrevalence of tuberculosis in prisons: risk factors and molecular epidemiology(2015) Valença, Mariana Soares; Scaini, João Luis Rheingantz; Abilleira, Fernanda de Souza; Gonçalves, Carla Vitola; Von Groll, Andrea; Silva, Pedro Eduardo Almeida daSETTING: Tuberculosis (TB) in prisons is a challenge for the public health system. Active and passive case screening are important tools for TB case detection. OBJECTIVE: To characterise TB in a southern Brazil prison in terms of epidemiological variables, diagnostic approaches and clinical isolate genotypes. DESIGN: Inmates of a southern Brazilian prison were assessed using active and passive TB case screening. Sputum microscopy, culture, drug susceptibility testing and genotyping were performed. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: TB prevalence was 4712 per 100 000 inmates, and was associated with low educational level, time incarcerated, productive cough, previous TB history, smoking and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Overall, 27.8% of TB cases were detected by culture only; the prevalence of drug-resistant strains was 7.8%; 58.3% of clinical isolates had an identical genotypic profile. CONCLUSION: The study showed extensive circulation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in a highly endemic prison. It is recommended that priority be given to the evaluation of prison inmates with longer jail times, those who are HIV-positive, those with symptoms and those with a previous history of tuberculosis. We observed that active case finding induced passive case detection.
- ItemThe BACTEC MGIT™ 320 system as a laboratory tool to diagnose tuberculosis in a brazilian hospital with a high prevalence of HIV infection(2016) Brum, Clarice Brinck; Soares, Daniela Fernandes Ramos; Abilleira, Fernanda de Souza; Silva, Ana Bárbara Scholante; Groll, Andrea Von; Silva, Pedro Eduardo Almeida daABSTRACT Introduction: The World Health Organization endorses the BACTEC Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT)™ system as a rapid, sensitive, and specifi c method to diagnostic of tuberculosis. Here, we compared the performance of this system against Ogawa-Kudoh cultures and microscopy. Methods: A total of 927 samples were obtained between December 2011 and December 2013 from 652 cases of suspected tuberculosis at the School Hospital of the Federal University of Rio Grande in Brazil. Results: The MGIT system confi rmed tuberculosis in more cases in less time. Conclusions: The MGIT system is an effective tool for early diagnosis of tuberculosis, especially in patients with HIV/AIDS.
- ItemThe laboratory as a tool to qualify tuberculosis diagnostic(2008) Honscha, Gunther; Groll, Andrea Von; Valença, Mariana Soares; Soares, Daniela Fernandes Ramos; Sanchotene, Karine Ortiz; Scaini, Carlos James; Ribeiro, Marta Osório; Silva, Pedro Eduardo Almeida daOBJECTIVES: To evaluate the performance of laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis, clinical samples underwent culture, species identification and drug susceptibility testing (DST). METHODS: A total of 554 samples from 269 patients were tested for smear microscopy using Kinyoun stain. Culture was performed in Ogawa-Kudoh medium and species identification was performed using the IS6110 amplified region. DST for rifampicin, isoniazid (INH) and streptomycin were carried out using the Resazurin assay. RESULTS: Cultures augmented the number of cases diagnosed by 22.1%, IS6110 amplification identified all Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains thus isolated and DST detected three strains resistant to INH and one multidrug-resistant strain. CONCLUSION: Simultaneous use of different techniques enhanced culture yield, species identification and detection of drug resistance even in a laboratory with limited facilities.
- ItemThe laboratory as a tool to qualify tuberculosis diagnosis(2008) Honscha, Gunther; Groll, Andrea Von; Valença, Mariana Soares; Soares, Daniela Fernandes Ramos; Sanchotene, Karine Ortiz; Scaini, Carlos James; Ribeiro, Marta Osório; Silva, Pedro Eduardo Almeida daOBJECTIVES: To evaluate the performance of laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis, clinical samples underwent culture, species identification and drug susceptibility testing (DST). METHODS: A total of 554 samples from 269 patients were tested for smear microscopy using Kinyoun stain. Culture was performed in Ogawa-Kudoh medium and species identification was performed using the IS6110 amplified region. DST for rifampicin, isoniazid (INH) and streptomycin were carried out using the Resazurin assay. RESULTS: Cultures augmented the number of cases diagnosed by 22.1%, IS6110 amplification identified all Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains thus isolated and DST detected three strains resistant to INH and one multidrug-resistant strain. CONCLUSION: Simultaneous use of different techniques enhanced culture yield, species identification and detection of drug resistance even in a laboratory with limited facilities.