Didática e matemática no ciclo de alfabetização: uma análise dos planejamentos e dos currículos propostos
Resumo
A presente pesquisa teve como escopo investigar os objetivos, a avaliação e as propostas do currículo de Matemática, presentes nos planos de aula de professoras do Ciclo de Alfabetização, por meio de análise descritiva, visando examinar a coerência entre os elementos do processo didático e como o currículo se materializa dentro do processo cultural. A pesquisa é documental, e a análise de dados é de caráter descritivo. O estudo investigou os planos de aula de professores do Ciclo de Alfabetização da rede pública do município de Rio Grande - RS. São 12 semanas contempladas e elaboradas por seis docentes do 1o ano do Ensino Fundamental, quatro docentes do 2o ano e quatro do 3o ano. Assim, foram contempladas seis turmas de 1o ano, quatro de 2o ano e quatro de 3o ano. Para o aporte teórico das Teorias do Currículo e a Didática, utiliza-se Perrenoud, Sacristán, Bernstein e Libâneo. No que concerne a Matemática, utiliza-se a concepção sobre função social da Matemática trazida por meio do letramento, com referências de Danyluk, Nacarato, Maldaner, Maia e Maranhão. O estudo revelou uma predominância do ensino de Números e uma discrepância na priorização de conteúdos entre Matemática e Língua Portuguesa. Observou-se uma desconexão entre as habilidades formalmente intencionadas e as atividades propostas pelas educadoras, resultando em uma prática educativa centrada em tarefas repetitivas. A pesquisa recomenda uma reflexão sobre as práticas pedagógicas e uma revisão da abordagem da avaliação, enfatizando a necessidade de uma integração mais significativa e contínua no processo de ensino e aprendizagem.
This research aimed to investigate the objectives, the evaluation and the proposals of the Mathematics curriculum of teachers of the Elementary School, through descriptive coherence between them and how the curriculum materializes within the cultural process. The research is documentary, and the data analysis is descriptive. The study investigated the lesson plans of teachers of the Elementary School of the public network of the city of Rio Grande - RS. There are 12 weeks contemplated and prepared by six teachers of the 1st year of elementary school, four teachers of the 2nd year and four of the 3rd year. Thus, six classes of 1st year, four of 2nd year and four of 3rd year were contemplated. For the theoretical contribution of Curriculum Theories and Didactics, Perrenoud, Sacristán, Bernstein and Libaneo are used. As far as Mathematics is concerned, we use the concept of social function of Mathematics brought through the Literacy, with references from Danyluk, Nacarato, Maldaner, Maia and Maranhão. The study revealed a predominance of teaching numbers and a discrepancy in the prioritization of content between mathematics and language. There was a disconnect between the formally intended skills and the activities proposed by the educators, resulting in an educational practice centered on repetitive tasks. The research recommends a reflection on pedagogical practices and a review of the evaluation approach, emphasizing the need for a more significant and continuous integration in the teaching and learning process.
This research aimed to investigate the objectives, the evaluation and the proposals of the Mathematics curriculum of teachers of the Elementary School, through descriptive coherence between them and how the curriculum materializes within the cultural process. The research is documentary, and the data analysis is descriptive. The study investigated the lesson plans of teachers of the Elementary School of the public network of the city of Rio Grande - RS. There are 12 weeks contemplated and prepared by six teachers of the 1st year of elementary school, four teachers of the 2nd year and four of the 3rd year. Thus, six classes of 1st year, four of 2nd year and four of 3rd year were contemplated. For the theoretical contribution of Curriculum Theories and Didactics, Perrenoud, Sacristán, Bernstein and Libaneo are used. As far as Mathematics is concerned, we use the concept of social function of Mathematics brought through the Literacy, with references from Danyluk, Nacarato, Maldaner, Maia and Maranhão. The study revealed a predominance of teaching numbers and a discrepancy in the prioritization of content between mathematics and language. There was a disconnect between the formally intended skills and the activities proposed by the educators, resulting in an educational practice centered on repetitive tasks. The research recommends a reflection on pedagogical practices and a review of the evaluation approach, emphasizing the need for a more significant and continuous integration in the teaching and learning process.
Descrição
Dissertação (mestrado)
Palavras-chave
Ciclo de Alfabetização, Matemática, Currículo, Plano de aula, Avaliação, Elementary School, Mathematics, Curriculum, Lesson Plan, Evaluation
Citação
PINHO, Charlene Origuela Gaspar de. Didática e matemática no ciclo de alfabetização: uma análise dos planejamentos e dos currículos propostos. 2024. 105f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação) – Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação em Ciências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, 2024.
