Análise do comportamento mecânico do rejeito de dragagem cimentado
Resumo
O Porto do Rio Grande tem grande relevância econômica para o Rio Grande do Sul e, especificamente, para a cidade do Rio Grande. Para a manutenção do funcionamento dessa atividade, se faz necessária a realização de sucessivos processos de dragagem do Canal de Acesso ao Porto, para garantir a trafegabilidade de embarcações no local. Corriqueiramente descartados em alto-mar, faz- se necessário encontrar usos alternativos para o resíduo que oriunda do processo de dragagem. Assim, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo estudar o comportamento mecânico de rejeito de dragagem quando submetido ao processo de melhoramento por mistura com agentes estabilizadores. Para isso, o estudo foi dividido em duas etapas. Na primeira etapa, foi feito um programa experimental com um projeto fatorial 2k com quatro fatores controláveis: massa de Cimento Portland, relação do teor de umidade pelo limite de liquidez, massa de areia seca e tempo de cura. Foram analisados nessa etapa um total de noventa e seis corpos de prova, sendo que parte dos corpos de prova passaram por cura em câmara úmida, e parte por cura em condição saturada, através da imersão dos corpos de prova. Na segunda etapa da pesquisa, descrita como estudo final, foi desenvolvido um programa experimental com cinco fatores controláveis, sendo esses os mesmos empregados na etapa 01, com acréscimo da quinta variável: cal de carbureto. Para essa etapa final, foram analisados um total de 210 corpos de prova, em ensaios de ruptura a compressão simples e tração na compressão diametral. Os resultados demonstram a relevância dos ensaios de dosagem, com a resistência à compressão simples variando entre 0,85 MPa aos 7 dias e 4,60 MPa para ruptura aos 28 dias empregando cimento Portland tipo CP V. Verifica-se, ainda, a significância do consumo de cimento e do teor de umidade empregado nas misturas na resistência atingida. Como forma de complementar os resultados obtidos, foi feita a análise MEV (Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura) e a correlação entre a resposta mecânica à compressão simples e o índice porosidade por teor volumétrico de agente estabilizante, a qual se mostrou satisfatória para estabelecer as curvas de dosagem.
The Port of Rio Grande has great economic relevance for Rio Grande do Sul and, specifically, for the city of Rio Grande. To maintain the functioning of this activity, it is necessary to carry out successive dredging processes in the Port Access Channel, to guarantee the trafficability of vessels at the location. Commonly discarded at sea, it is necessary to find alternative uses for the waste that comes from the dredging process. Therefore, the present work aims to study the mechanical behavior of dredging tailings when subjected to the improvement process by mixing with stabilizing agents. For this, the study was divided into two stages. In the first stage, an experimental program was carried out with a 2k factorial design with four controllable factors: mass of Portland Cement, ratio of moisture content to liquidity limit, mass of dry sand and curing time. In total, a total of ninety-six specimens were analyzed at this stage, with part of the specimens undergoing curing in a humid chamber and part in a saturated condition. In the second stage of the research, described as the final study, an experimental program was developed with five controllable factors, the same ones used in stage 01, with the addition of the fifth variable: carbide lime. For this final stage, a total of 210 specimens were analyzed in simple compression rupture and diametrical compression tensile tests. The results demonstrate the relevance of the dosage tests, with the simple compression resistance varying between 0.85 MPa at 7 days and 4.60 MPa for rupture at 28 days using Portland cement type CP V. The significance is also verified cement consumption and moisture content used in the mixtures at the achieved strength. As a way of complementing the results obtained, SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) analysis was carried out and the correlation between the mechanical response to simple compression and the porosity index by volumetric content of stabilizing agent, which proved to be satisfactory for establishing the performance curves dosage.
The Port of Rio Grande has great economic relevance for Rio Grande do Sul and, specifically, for the city of Rio Grande. To maintain the functioning of this activity, it is necessary to carry out successive dredging processes in the Port Access Channel, to guarantee the trafficability of vessels at the location. Commonly discarded at sea, it is necessary to find alternative uses for the waste that comes from the dredging process. Therefore, the present work aims to study the mechanical behavior of dredging tailings when subjected to the improvement process by mixing with stabilizing agents. For this, the study was divided into two stages. In the first stage, an experimental program was carried out with a 2k factorial design with four controllable factors: mass of Portland Cement, ratio of moisture content to liquidity limit, mass of dry sand and curing time. In total, a total of ninety-six specimens were analyzed at this stage, with part of the specimens undergoing curing in a humid chamber and part in a saturated condition. In the second stage of the research, described as the final study, an experimental program was developed with five controllable factors, the same ones used in stage 01, with the addition of the fifth variable: carbide lime. For this final stage, a total of 210 specimens were analyzed in simple compression rupture and diametrical compression tensile tests. The results demonstrate the relevance of the dosage tests, with the simple compression resistance varying between 0.85 MPa at 7 days and 4.60 MPa for rupture at 28 days using Portland cement type CP V. The significance is also verified cement consumption and moisture content used in the mixtures at the achieved strength. As a way of complementing the results obtained, SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) analysis was carried out and the correlation between the mechanical response to simple compression and the porosity index by volumetric content of stabilizing agent, which proved to be satisfactory for establishing the performance curves dosage.
Descrição
Dissertação (Mestrado)
Palavras-chave
Rejeito, Cimento Portland, Dragagem, Estabilização, Índice porosidade/teor volumétrico de agente estabilizante, Tailings, Portland cement, Dredging, Stabilization, Porosity index/volumetric content of stabilizing agent
Citação
RAMSON, Caio Yan Pimpão. Análise do comportamento mecânico do rejeito de dragagem cimentado. 2024. 103f. Dissertação (Mestrado) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Oceânica, Escola de Engenharia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, 2024.
