Desempenho em fadiga de juntas soldadas de topo tratadas com a técnica TIG Dressing tendo como metal base o aço ASTM 131 - AH 36
Resumo
Atualmente o processo de soldagem GMAW (Gas Metal Arc Welding, também conhecido por MAG – Metal Active Gas) possui grande destaque no meio industrial, seja na união de componentes e estruturas do setor da mobilidade (segmentos rodoviário, ferroviário, naval, agrícola e aeroespacial), da indústria química (reservatórios, tubulações e vasos de pressão) e construção civil (edifícios, pontes e plataformas), bem como em operações rotineiras de manutenção. A motivação desta pesquisa se deve ao fato das uniões soldadas representarem pontos críticos para falha catastrófica, por fratura frágil ou fadiga, em estruturas de engenharia. Procedimentos pós-soldagem são aplicados nos possíveis sítios de nucleação de trincas de fadiga, com o intuito de mitigar o problema. Neste trabalho foi realizado o estudo do estado da arte de algumas das técnicas pós-soldagem, visando esclarecer seu efeito sobre a junta. O foco do estudo se concentrou nas características que o processo de refusão TIG (TIG Dressing) pode conferir a uma junta soldada pelo processo GMAW tendo o aço microligado ASTM 131 AH36 como metal de base. Foram avaliados aspectos de microestrutura, dureza, geometria da junta e resistência à fadiga. A micrografia e o ensaio de microdureza revelaram as consideráveis alterações causadas pela refusão TIG. Os resultados de vida em fadiga alcançados foram comparados com os obtidos por Silva em pesquisa recente realizada junto a esta universidade. Para tal, o trabalho reporta os diagramas S-N GMAW original e GMAW - TIG Dressing, com as estimativas de 5% e 95% de sobrevivência. Importante melhora no tempo de vida em fadiga foi obtida nos espécimes tratados em relação aos corpos de prova no estado original.
GMAW welding process (Gas Metal Arc Welding, also known as MAG - Metal Active Gas) currently is largely employed in industry, whether in the union of components and structures in the mobility sector (road, rail, naval, agricultural and aerospace segments), petrochemical and chemical plants (reservoirs, pipelines and pressure vessels) and civil frames (buildings, bridges and platforms) as well as in routine maintenance operations. The motivation of this research is based on the fact that welded joints represent critical points for catastrophic failure due to brittle fracture or fatigue in engineering structures. Post-welding procedures are applied to the possible fatigue cracking nucleation sites in order to mitigate the problem. This work begins by presenting the state of art of the most employed post-welding techniques, in order to clarify the effect on the joint. The focus of the experimental work was directed to the characteristics that TIG Dressing technique provides to a welded joint manufactured by the GMAW process, having ASTM 131 AH36 microalloyed steel as base metal. Microstructure, hardness, joint geometry and fatigue strength were evaluated. The micrograph and the microhardness tests revealed the considerable changes caused by TIG dressing. Fatigue life results were compared with those obtained in a recent research conducted at GEFMat/FURG. For this, the work reports the S-N diagrams for original GMAW and GMAW TIG Dressing cases, with estimates of 5% and 95% probabilities of survival. Important improvement in fatigue life was attained by treated specimens in relation to the specimens in the original state.
GMAW welding process (Gas Metal Arc Welding, also known as MAG - Metal Active Gas) currently is largely employed in industry, whether in the union of components and structures in the mobility sector (road, rail, naval, agricultural and aerospace segments), petrochemical and chemical plants (reservoirs, pipelines and pressure vessels) and civil frames (buildings, bridges and platforms) as well as in routine maintenance operations. The motivation of this research is based on the fact that welded joints represent critical points for catastrophic failure due to brittle fracture or fatigue in engineering structures. Post-welding procedures are applied to the possible fatigue cracking nucleation sites in order to mitigate the problem. This work begins by presenting the state of art of the most employed post-welding techniques, in order to clarify the effect on the joint. The focus of the experimental work was directed to the characteristics that TIG Dressing technique provides to a welded joint manufactured by the GMAW process, having ASTM 131 AH36 microalloyed steel as base metal. Microstructure, hardness, joint geometry and fatigue strength were evaluated. The micrograph and the microhardness tests revealed the considerable changes caused by TIG dressing. Fatigue life results were compared with those obtained in a recent research conducted at GEFMat/FURG. For this, the work reports the S-N diagrams for original GMAW and GMAW TIG Dressing cases, with estimates of 5% and 95% probabilities of survival. Important improvement in fatigue life was attained by treated specimens in relation to the specimens in the original state.
Descrição
Dissertação (mestrado)
Palavras-chave
Refusão TIG, Fadiga, GMAW (Gas Metal Arc Welding), TIG dressing, Fatigue
Citação
SILVA, Maurício Diogo da. Desempenho em fadiga de juntas soldadas de topo tratadas com a técnica TIG Dressing tendo como metal base o aço ASTM 131 - AH 36. 2019. 69f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Mecânica, Escola de Engenharia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, 2019.
