Avaliação da hidrólise alcalina da quitina e elaboração de filmes de quitosana para aplicação na adsorção do corante têxtil reativo preto 5
Resumo
Nesta pesquisa, diferentes amostras de quitosana foram produzidas por diferentes
condições de hidrólise alcalina da quitina. A partir das amostras de quitosana foram
produzidos filmes,sendo estes aplicados na adsorção do corante têxtil reativo preto 5 e
os resultados foram comparados com os dos seus respectivos pós. Os valores das
massas molares da quitosana aumentaram em função do aumento do diâmetro da
quitina e diminuíram com o aumento da relação de solução NaOH:quitina, da
concentração de NaOH e tempo de reação, e ficaram na faixa de 100 a 200 kDa. Um
comportamento inverso foi observado para o grau de desacetilação da quitosana, e
seus valores variaram de 65 a 95%. Quanto aos filmes biopoliméricos elaborados, os
que apresentaram melhores valores quanto as suas propriedades mecânicas e de
permeabilidade ao vapor de água foram os filmes produzidos com quitosana de mais
elevada massa molar e menor grau de desacetilação. A fim de avaliar o
comportamento dos filmes em processos de adsorção, estes foram aplicados na
remoção do corante reativo preto 5 (RB5) em diferentes condições de pH (4, 6 e 8).
Após, foram escolhidos quatro filmes de quitosana (FQ), com diferentes graus de
desacetilação e massas molares, que foram comparados com as quitosanas na forma
de pó (PQ) no estudo de adsorção. Este foi realizado sob diversas condições
experimentais (pH, temperatura e taxa de agitação) através das isotermas de equilíbrio,
da termodinâmica e da cinética. Análises de interação e ciclos de adsorção-dessorção
também foram realizados. Verificou-se que PQ e FQ com grau de desacetilação de
95% e massa molar de 100 kDa foram os adsorvente mais adequados, apresentando
mais de 99% de remoção do corante RB5 em pH 4,0. Para ambos, PQ e FQ, o modelo
de Langmuir foi o mais adequado para representar os dados de equilíbrio. As
capacidades máximas de adsorção foram 654,3 e 589,5 mg g-1
para PQ e FQ,
respectivamente, obtidos a 298 K. O processo de adsorção foi espontâneo, favorável e
exotérmico. A adsorção de RB5 para PQ e FQ seguiu o modelo cinético de Elovich,e
ocorreram interações eletrostáticas do PQ-RB5 e do FQ-RB5. Os filmes de quitosana
foram reutilizados três vezes, enquanto que a quitosana em pó não pode ser
reutilizada.
In this study, different chitosan samples were produced by varying conditions of alkaline hydrolysis of chitin. The samples from the chitosan films were produced, these being applied in the adsorption reactive black textile dye 5, and the results were compared with those of the respective powders. The values of the molecular weight of chitosan increased with increasing the diameter of chitin and decreased with the increase of the NaOH solution:chitin, the NaOH concentration and reaction time, and were in the range from 100 to 200 kDa. An inverse behavior was observed for the deacetylation degree of chitosan, and their values ranged from 65% to 95%. In order to evaluate the behavior of the films in adsorption process, these were applied in the removal of dye reactive Black 5 (RB5) at different pH conditions (4, 6 and 8). Afterward, four films of chitosan (FQ) with different values of deacetylation degree and molecular weights were chosen , and they were compared with the chitosan samples in powder form (PQ) in the adsorption study. This was carried out under various experimental conditions (pH, temperature and agitation rate) through the equilibrium isotherms, thermodynamics and kinetics. Interaction analysis and adsorption-desorption cycles were also performed. It was found that PQ and FQ with a deacetylation degree of 95% and molecular weight of 100 kDa were the most suitable adsorbent, with over 99 % removal of the dye RB5 at pH 4.0. For both PQ and FQ, the Langmuir model was the most appropriate to represent the equilibrium data. The maximum adsorption capacities were 654.3 and 589.5 mg g-1 for PQ and FQ, respectively, obtained at 298 K. The adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic favorable. The adsorption of RB5 to PQ and FQ followed the Elovich kinetic model, and electrostatic interactions occurred PQ-RB5 and FQ-RB5. The chitosan film was reused three times, while chitosan powder cannot be reused.
In this study, different chitosan samples were produced by varying conditions of alkaline hydrolysis of chitin. The samples from the chitosan films were produced, these being applied in the adsorption reactive black textile dye 5, and the results were compared with those of the respective powders. The values of the molecular weight of chitosan increased with increasing the diameter of chitin and decreased with the increase of the NaOH solution:chitin, the NaOH concentration and reaction time, and were in the range from 100 to 200 kDa. An inverse behavior was observed for the deacetylation degree of chitosan, and their values ranged from 65% to 95%. In order to evaluate the behavior of the films in adsorption process, these were applied in the removal of dye reactive Black 5 (RB5) at different pH conditions (4, 6 and 8). Afterward, four films of chitosan (FQ) with different values of deacetylation degree and molecular weights were chosen , and they were compared with the chitosan samples in powder form (PQ) in the adsorption study. This was carried out under various experimental conditions (pH, temperature and agitation rate) through the equilibrium isotherms, thermodynamics and kinetics. Interaction analysis and adsorption-desorption cycles were also performed. It was found that PQ and FQ with a deacetylation degree of 95% and molecular weight of 100 kDa were the most suitable adsorbent, with over 99 % removal of the dye RB5 at pH 4.0. For both PQ and FQ, the Langmuir model was the most appropriate to represent the equilibrium data. The maximum adsorption capacities were 654.3 and 589.5 mg g-1 for PQ and FQ, respectively, obtained at 298 K. The adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic favorable. The adsorption of RB5 to PQ and FQ followed the Elovich kinetic model, and electrostatic interactions occurred PQ-RB5 and FQ-RB5. The chitosan film was reused three times, while chitosan powder cannot be reused.
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Citação
MOURA, Jaqueline Motta de. Avaliação da hidrólise alcalina da quitina e elaboração de filmes de quitosana para aplicação na adsorção do corante têxtil reativo preto 5. 2014. 105 f. Dissertação (Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química Tecnológica e Ambiental) - Escola de Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, 2014.
