Qualidade do ensino de graduação avaliada a partir da satisfação do discente
Resumo
O presente trabalho apresenta um modelo para avaliar a satisfação do discente para com os serviços educacionais prestados pela instituição de ensino superior na qual estuda. Para a criação deste modelo foi desenvolvido um instrumento que aproxima a área educacional aos modelos de mensuração da qualidade de empresas de prestação de serviço. Visto a grande complexidade das temáticas envolvidas, foi feita uma profunda pesquisa bibliográfica para buscar conhecimento científico com relação ao constructo satisfação e sua mensuração. Destacam-se os modelos SERVQUAL e SERVPERF por seu pioneirismo na área de prestação de serviço e pela relevância dada à qualidade percebida. A versão preliminar do instrumento foi criada com base na escala SERVPERF, nos questionários utilizados pelo INEP para avaliação de cursos in loco e em modelos propostos por Ferreria (2005) e Jonhston (1995). Esta versão passou pelo processo de validação de conteúdo envolvendo docentes e discentes, sendo posteriormente aplicado a um grupo de 107 estudantes com o objetivo de realizar a validação de constructo. Por meio da Análise Fatorial, que empregou os métodos dos componentes principais e dos eixos principais com rotação oblíqua para identificação e extração de fatores, foi possível identificar quatro dimensões que conseguem explicar 67% da variância, o que é considerado bastante satisfatório. Finalizando, o modelo desenvolvido foi aplicado em uma amostra de 45 alunos dos diferentes anos de integralização do curso de graduação em Psicologia. A análise estatística destes dados que envolveu Análise de Variância e Análise de Regressão possibilitou modelar o comportamento deste constructo ao longo do curso, sendo encontrado um modelo de qualidade razoável. Os achados, entretanto, apontaram para o fato do adiantamento no estudante no curso não interferir de forma significativa na satisfação do discente.
The present work introduces a model to evaluate the student’s satisfaction to the educational services offered by the institution of higher education in which he or she studies. To create this model, it was developed a tool that approximates the educational area to the quality mensuration methods of service companies. Due to the complexity of the involved thematic, a deep bibliographic research was made in order to seek scientific knowledge related to satisfaction construct and its mensuration. The models SERVQUAL and SERVPERF stand out for their pioneering in the service area and for the relevance they give to perceived quality. The preliminary version of the tool was created based on the SERVPERF scale, on the surveys used by INEP to the evaluation of courses in loco and on models proposed by Ferreria (2005) and Jonhston (1995). This version went through the process of content validation involving professors and students, posteriorly being applied to a group of 107 students with the objective of making the construct validation. Through the Factor Analysis, which employed the methods of the main components and the main axes with oblique rotation to factor identification and extraction, it was possible to identify four dimensions that can explain 67% of the variance, which is considered rather satisfactory. Concluding, the developed model was applied to a sample of 45 students of the different years that compose the graduation course of Psychology. The statistical analysis of the data, which involved Analysis of Variance and Analysis of Regression, made possible to mold the behavior of this construct along the course, in which a reasonable model of quality was found. The findings, however, indicated to the fact that the course progress does not interfere significantly in the student’s satisfaction.
The present work introduces a model to evaluate the student’s satisfaction to the educational services offered by the institution of higher education in which he or she studies. To create this model, it was developed a tool that approximates the educational area to the quality mensuration methods of service companies. Due to the complexity of the involved thematic, a deep bibliographic research was made in order to seek scientific knowledge related to satisfaction construct and its mensuration. The models SERVQUAL and SERVPERF stand out for their pioneering in the service area and for the relevance they give to perceived quality. The preliminary version of the tool was created based on the SERVPERF scale, on the surveys used by INEP to the evaluation of courses in loco and on models proposed by Ferreria (2005) and Jonhston (1995). This version went through the process of content validation involving professors and students, posteriorly being applied to a group of 107 students with the objective of making the construct validation. Through the Factor Analysis, which employed the methods of the main components and the main axes with oblique rotation to factor identification and extraction, it was possible to identify four dimensions that can explain 67% of the variance, which is considered rather satisfactory. Concluding, the developed model was applied to a sample of 45 students of the different years that compose the graduation course of Psychology. The statistical analysis of the data, which involved Analysis of Variance and Analysis of Regression, made possible to mold the behavior of this construct along the course, in which a reasonable model of quality was found. The findings, however, indicated to the fact that the course progress does not interfere significantly in the student’s satisfaction.
Descrição
Dissertação (Mestrado)
Palavras-chave
Satisfação, Qualidade, SERVPERF, Análise Fatorial, Satisfaction, Quality, Factor Analysis
Citação
AVILA, Sarah Heidtmann. Qualidade do ensino de graduação avaliada a partir da satisfação do discente. 2014. 84 f. Dissertação (Mestrado) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Modelagem Computacional, Instituto de Matemática, Estatística e Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, 2014.
