Adsorção de cromo (VI) em leito fixo utilizando partículas de areia recobertas com Quitosana
Resumo
Neste trabalho foi avaliado o processo de recobrimento de partículas de
areia com quitosana utilizando a técnica dip-coating, e analisado o emprego
destas partículas como recheio de uma coluna de leito fixo no processo de
adsorção de cromo (VI) em solução aquosa. A quitosana foi obtida a partir de
resíduos de camarão e caracterizada. O estudo avaliou a influência do
tamanho das partículas e da concentração da solução de quitosana no
recobrimento das partículas de areia. Foram avaliados parâmetros
termodinâmicos, isotermas de equilíbrio e parâmetros relacionados ao
funcionamento do leito (vazão e pH da solução, diâmetro de partícula) para o
processo de adsorção de cromo (VI) em solução aquosa. No recobrimento das
partículas de areia, o tamanho não teve significância na resposta, enquanto a
concentração da solução de recobrimento mostrou ter grande influência sobre
o resultado, sendo que a menor concentração de quitosana dentro da faixa
estudada (0,5% p/v) apresentou o melhor desempenho. O processo de cura
física para o recobrimento das partículas de areia mostrou melhor desempenho
para a adsorção de cromo (VI) em leito fixo frente ao processo físico-químico.
As análises de superfície (MEV) e de difração de raio-X (EDX) comprovaram a
mudança na superfície das partículas recobertas e a presença de cromo após a
adsorção. O modelo de Sips foi o que melhor representou os dados
experimentais de equilíbrio, com R2
>0,99% e EMR<3,5%, sendo que a
capacidade máxima de adsorção foi de 46,93 mg g-1
obtida a 298 K. O
processo se mostrou espontâneo, exotérmico e favorável, com valores de -4,49
a -4,66kJ mol-1
para e energia livre de Gibbs, -5,97kJ mol-1
para a variação de
entalpia e -5,17x10-3
kJ mol-1K
-1
para variação de entropia. O aumento do pH
diminuiu a adsorção de cromo (VI), sendo que a melhor resposta foi obtida em
pH 3, sendo que o diâmetro de partícula não teve efeito significante. O estudo
da vazão da solução de cromo (VI) no desempenho do leito mostrou que no
menor valor (2,5 mL min-1
) a concentração de saída do leito foi próxima a zero,
mantendo-se com concentrações de saída abaixo de 20% por pelo menos 20
min. O estudo da dessorção do leito mostrou que após cinco ciclos de trabalho
o leito manteve 86% da capacidade de adsorção, com taxas de recuperação do
cromo no processo de dessorção maiores que 95%.
This study evaluated the coating process of sand particles with chitosan using the dip-coating technique, and analyzed the use of these particles as packing for column in a fixed-bed adsorption of chromium (VI) in aqueous solution process. Chitosan was obtained from shrimp waste and characterized. The study evaluated the influence of particle size and concentration of chitosan solution in the coating of the sand particles. Thermodynamic parameters of the equilibrium isotherms and parameters to the bed operation (pH and flow rate, particle diameter) for the adsorption of chromium (VI) in aqueous solution were evaluated. In the sand coating, the particles size was not significant, and the concentration of the coating solution was showed a great influence on the result being that the lowest chitosan concentration in the study range (0.5% w / v) presented the best performance. The physical cure process for coating of sand particles showed better performance for the adsorption of chromium (VI) in fixed-bed in relation to the physicochemical process. The surface analyzes (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (EDX) confirmed the change in the surface of the coated particles and the presence of chromium after adsorption. The experimental equilibrium data were best represented by the Sips model, with R 2 > 0.99% and RMS <3.5%, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 46.93 mg g -1 obtained at 298 K. The process showed spontaneous, exothermic and favorable, with values of -4.49 to -4.66 kJ mol-1 for the Gibbs free energy, -5.97 kJ mol-1 for the enthalpy change and -5.17 x10-3 kJ mol-1K -1 for entropy change. The pH increase led to a decrease of the adsorption of chromium (VI) in aqueous solution, with the best response obtained at pH 3, and the particle diameter had no significant effect. The study of the rate flow of the chromium (VI) solution in the bed performance showed on lower value (2.5 mL min-1 ) that the bed outlet concentration was close to zero and remained its concentrations below 20% by at least 20 min. The study has shown that desorption of bed after five loading cycles the bed retained 86% of the adsorption capacity with recovery rates of chromium (VI) in the desorption process higher than 95%.
This study evaluated the coating process of sand particles with chitosan using the dip-coating technique, and analyzed the use of these particles as packing for column in a fixed-bed adsorption of chromium (VI) in aqueous solution process. Chitosan was obtained from shrimp waste and characterized. The study evaluated the influence of particle size and concentration of chitosan solution in the coating of the sand particles. Thermodynamic parameters of the equilibrium isotherms and parameters to the bed operation (pH and flow rate, particle diameter) for the adsorption of chromium (VI) in aqueous solution were evaluated. In the sand coating, the particles size was not significant, and the concentration of the coating solution was showed a great influence on the result being that the lowest chitosan concentration in the study range (0.5% w / v) presented the best performance. The physical cure process for coating of sand particles showed better performance for the adsorption of chromium (VI) in fixed-bed in relation to the physicochemical process. The surface analyzes (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (EDX) confirmed the change in the surface of the coated particles and the presence of chromium after adsorption. The experimental equilibrium data were best represented by the Sips model, with R 2 > 0.99% and RMS <3.5%, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 46.93 mg g -1 obtained at 298 K. The process showed spontaneous, exothermic and favorable, with values of -4.49 to -4.66 kJ mol-1 for the Gibbs free energy, -5.97 kJ mol-1 for the enthalpy change and -5.17 x10-3 kJ mol-1K -1 for entropy change. The pH increase led to a decrease of the adsorption of chromium (VI) in aqueous solution, with the best response obtained at pH 3, and the particle diameter had no significant effect. The study of the rate flow of the chromium (VI) solution in the bed performance showed on lower value (2.5 mL min-1 ) that the bed outlet concentration was close to zero and remained its concentrations below 20% by at least 20 min. The study has shown that desorption of bed after five loading cycles the bed retained 86% of the adsorption capacity with recovery rates of chromium (VI) in the desorption process higher than 95%.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Adsorção, Dessorção, Dip-coating, Quitosana, Recobrimento, Adsorption, Chitosan coating, Desorption
Citação
Camara, Álisson Schons. Adsorção de cromo (VI) em leito fixo utilizando partículas de areia recobertas com Quitosana. 2014. 79 f. Dissertação (Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química Tecnológica e Ambiental) - Escola de Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, 2014.
